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Prague is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic, home to roughly 1.3 million residents and straddling the Vltava River in the Bohemian heartland. The city's historic centre is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, recognised for an unbroken architectural record spanning Romanesque rotundas, Gothic cathedrals, Renaissance palaces, Baroque churches, Art Nouveau facades, and Cubist experiments. Few European capitals can match this density of preserved styles within such a compact, walkable area.
The city divides naturally into distinct neighbourhoods. The Castle District (Hradcany) sits on the hill above the river, connected by the 14th-century Charles Bridge to the Old Town (Stare Mesto) and its famous astronomical clock. The Jewish Quarter (Josefov) preserves centuries of Jewish heritage in its synagogues and cemetery. Across the river, the Lesser Town (Mala Strana) offers Baroque architecture and quieter streets. South of the centre, Vysehrad fortress provides panoramic views and a less tourist-heavy alternative to the Castle.
Prague's public transport system uses three metro lines (A, B, C), trams, and buses, all covered by a single ticket system. A 30-minute ticket costs 30 CZK (about EUR 1.20) and a 24-hour pass is 120 CZK (EUR 5). Beer is famously cheap - a half-litre of quality Czech lager costs 50 to 70 CZK (EUR 2-3) in most pubs outside the tourist core. Vaclav Havel Airport Prague (PRG) sits 17 km west of the centre, connected by Airport Express bus and bus 119 to Nadrazi Veleslavin metro station.
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April to May and September to October are the sweet spots. Temperatures are comfortable (14-20 degrees Celsius), tourist crowds are thinner than in summer, and prices for accommodation drop noticeably. July and August bring warm weather but also peak crowds - Old Town Square and Charles Bridge can become shoulder-to-shoulder. December is popular for Christmas markets, with a festive atmosphere despite cold temperatures around freezing.
The cheapest route is bus 119 from the airport to Nadrazi Veleslavin metro station (A line), then metro to the centre - about 40 minutes total for 40 CZK (EUR 1.60) with a 90-minute ticket. The Airport Express (AE) bus runs directly to Prague Main Station (Praha hlavni nadrazi) for 100 CZK (EUR 4). Taxis and ride-hails to Old Town cost 500 to 700 CZK (EUR 20-28) and take 25 to 40 minutes depending on traffic.
Walking covers most of the historic centre easily - Old Town to the Castle via Charles Bridge is about 25 minutes on foot. For longer distances, Prague's metro (lines A, B, C) and tram network are fast and reliable. Buy a 24-hour pass for 120 CZK (EUR 5) if you plan more than three rides. The tram 22 route is particularly useful for tourists, connecting the centre to the Castle District and Vysehrad. You do not need a car.
Three full days is ideal for covering the main sights at a relaxed pace. Day one for Old Town, the Astronomical Clock, and the Jewish Quarter; day two for the Castle, Lesser Town, and Petrin Hill; day three for Vysehrad, local pubs, and any museums or galleries. A fourth day is worthwhile if you want a day trip to Kutna Hora or Cesky Krumlov.
Prague is very safe for tourists by European standards. Violent crime against visitors is extremely rare. The main risk is pickpocketing in crowded areas - Old Town Square, Charles Bridge, and on trams. Keep bags zipped and in front of you. Watch for common scams: overcharging in restaurants (always check the bill), unlicensed taxis (use apps like Bolt or Liftago instead), and currency exchange booths with hidden fees.
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Start with Svickova na smetane - marinated beef sirloin in a creamy vegetable sauce with bread dumplings. Trdelnik (chimney cake) is sold on every tourist corner, though it is more of a recent tourist import than a true Czech classic. For authentic street food, try Klobasa (grilled sausage) from a stand. Czech beer deserves attention - Pilsner Urquell, Budvar, and Kozel are widely available, and a half-litre in a local pub costs just 50 to 70 CZK (EUR 2-3).
Visa and entry
Entry rules, stay length and passport validity by nationality.
Best time to visit
The most comfortable stretch of the year in Prague, based on 1991 to 2020 climate averages.
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